小編上週看到德州的心跳法案在這個月上路了，加上準備要過越南兒童節(中秋節其實是越南兒童節)，對這個議題有點興趣，所以去看了一下越南有關墮胎的規定，才知道原來越南的墮胎率是東南亞第一的國家，也是世界前五名的國家。但印象中的越南人都很愛小孩，有點顛覆小編刻板印象。
【參考新聞：Việt Nam – Một trong những nước có tỉ lệ nạo phá thai cao nhất thế giới】
#小編要去放中秋節了
#越南的朋友兒童節快樂
先稍稍解釋德州的心跳法案，主要規定禁止孕婦在醫院能偵測到胎兒心跳後執行墮胎（通常是在孕期6週左右），除非被醫生認定有緊急醫療情況；即便婦女因為強姦或亂倫而懷孕，依然不允許醫院提供墮胎服務。根據該心跳法案，如果孕婦在懷孕6週後接受墮胎，可能不會被起訴。
但是協助手術的人，包含醫生、支付手術費用者，以及在診所工作人員都可能連帶遭到起訴。另外，協助接送孕婦到診所接受墮胎的司機，也都可能遭到司法追究，甚至面臨高達1萬美元的罰款。
那在越南呢???
原則上越南法規不允許以性別選擇為由摘除胎兒或已超過規定週數，但根據越南婦女的意願，法律仍然例外允許墮胎。
21-LCT/HDNN8人民健康保護法
Article 44. The rights of women to be served medical examination and treatment of gynaecological diseases and abortion
1 – Women have the right of abortion according to expectations, to be served the medical examination and treatment of gynaecological diseases, to be monitored the health during pregnancy, to be served medicare as childbearing in the health facilities.
目前根據衛生部 2009 年 11 月 25 日關於頒布《國家生殖保健服務指南》的第 4620/QD-BYT 號決定中關於安全墮胎的第 7 節，所有超過 22 週的墮胎行為均非法的。
違法幫助別人墮胎者，依據2017年修正2015年刑法規定，約處1-3年有期徒刑。另外依照第 176/2013/ND-CP 號法令第 84 條規定了也對違法墮胎活動包含孕婦的行政處罰。
12/2017/QH14
118. Clause 1, Clause 2 and Clause 3 of Article 316 are amended as follows:
“Any person who illegally performs an abortion on another person in any of the following circumstances shall face a penalty of up to 03 years’ community sentence or 01 – 03 years’ imprisonment:
a) The offence results in the death of a person;
b) The offence causes ≥ 61% WPI for another person;
c) The offence causes a total WPI of 61% – 121% for more than one person;
d) The offender has incurred a disciplinary or administrative penalty for the same offence or has an unspent conviction for the same offence .
176/2013/ND-CP
Article 84. Sex-selective abortion
1. Any person that voluntarily decides to have an abortion because of the baby’s sex shall be liable to a fine of from 3,000,000 VND to 5,000,000 VND.
2. Any person that persuades another person into abortion because of the baby’s sex shall be liable to a fine of from 5,000,000 VND to 7,000,000 VND.
3. Any person that intimidates another person into abortion because of the baby’s sex shall be liable to a fine of from 7,000,000 VND to 10,000,000 VND.
4. The use of force to compel another person into abortion because of the baby’s sex shall carry a fine of from 10,000,000 VND to 12,000,000 VND.
5. Any of the following violations shall carry a fine of from 12,000,000 VND to 15,000,000 VND:
a) Providing substances or drugs to abort a child in the knowledge that the abortion is sex-selective;
b) Prescribing substances, drugs, or other measures to abort a child in the knowledge that the abortion is sex-selective.
6. Any person that performs an abortion in the knowledge that the abortion is sex-selective shall be liable to a fine of from 15,000,000 VND to 20,000,000 VND.
7. Additional penalties:
a) The items serving the commitment of the violation mentioned in Point a Clause 5 of this Article shall be confiscated;
b) The operating license or practising certificate shall be suspended for 03 – 06 months in event of the violation mentioned in Point b Clause 5 of this Article;
c) The operating license or practising certificate shall be suspended for 06 – 12 months in event of the violation mentioned in Clause 6 of this Article;
d) The drug business shall be suspended for 01 – 03 months in event of the violation mentioned in Point a Clause 5 of this Article.
